von einer Kundin/einem Kunden am 15.03.2011 Sallust schildert in diesem Buch den Krieg Roms gegen Iugurtha, der sich in Afrika lange an der Macht halten konnte. Bellum Iugurthinum : lateinisch-deutsch. Nam uti genus hominum compositum ex corpore et anima est, ita res cuncta studiaque omnia nostra corporis alia, alia animi naturam secuntur. De bello Iugurthino ist nach De coniuratione Catilinae die zweite historische Monographie von Sallust. De bello Iugurthino - lateinisch und deutsch, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=De_bello_Iugurthino&oldid=184033276, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. Chr. Jugurtha was the nephew and adopted son of Micipsa, King of Numidia, whom he succeeded on the throne, overcoming his rivals through assassination, war, and bribery. Chr.?) 3 ex voluntate esse seiner (des Metellus) Absicht entsprechen. [4] After King Micipsa's death the three kings fell out, and ultimately agreed between themselves to divide their inheritance into three separate kingdoms;[5] however, they were unable to agree on the terms of division, and Jugurtha declared open war on his cousins; Hiempsal, who, though the younger, was the braver of the brothers, was assassinated by Jugurtha's agents, and Adherbal, unable to defend himself, was defeated and forced to flee to Rome, where he appealed for arbitration to the Roman Senate. gegen den Numiderkönig Jugurtha führten, und ist um das Jahr 40 v. Chr. gegen den Numiderkönig Jugurtha führten, und ist um das Jahr 40 v. Chr. [25] Metellus, who had taken up winter quarters in the area after the conclusion of the campaign, began negotiation with Bocchus to hand over Jugurtha. Over the winter, therefore, Marius resumed negotiations with Bocchus, who, though he had joined in the fighting, had not yet declared war. entstanden. Einleitung „ Regnum numidiae, quod vostrum esse “ [1] lässt Sallust im Bellum Iugurthinum Adherbal vor dem römischen Senat sagen. [35] In the aftermath, Bocchus annexed the western part of Jugurtha's kingdom, and was made a friend of the Roman people. [16], After Postumius' defeat, the Senate finally shook itself from its lethargy, appointing as commander in Africa the plebeian noble Quintus Metellus, who had a reputation for integrity and courage. [1] Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, Der Krieg mit Jugurtha, Lateinisch/Deutsch, Übersetzt und Herausgegeben von Karl Büchner, (=Reclams Universal-Bibliothek Nr. Rufus overpowered the southern detachment by a forward charge, sending the elephants and infantry of the enemy flying across the desert; while Metellus and Marius, rallying a group of legionaries, charged to occupy the single hill on the plain, which commanded the situation. videolezione scolastica di Luigi Gaudio. Metellus handled the situation by sending one force directly south to the river under Rufus while the rest under Metellus and Marius marched obliquely south-west to dislodge Jugurtha from his position and prevent him from hindering the march of the first body to the river. 948), Stuttgart 2004. Literatur. The combined African army then tried to finish off Marius, but when Sulla returned from his pursuit the Romans routed both Jugurtha’s and Bocchus’s army. Aber der Ehrgeiz quälte zuerst den Geist der Menschen mehr als die Habgier, ein Fehler/Laster, der/das dennoch der Tugend näher steht. This was illustrated by Marius's rise to power by ignoring Roman traditions. [30] These events would inspire Marius into reforming the Roman army. The Jugurthine War (112–106 BC) was an armed conflict between the Roman Republic and king Jugurtha of Numidia, a kingdom on the north African coast approximating to modern Algeria.Jugurtha was the nephew and adopted son of Micipsa, King of Numidia, whom he succeeded on the throne, overcoming his rivals through assassination, war, and bribery.. Der wichtigste Exkurs in Sallusts Bellum Iugurthinum behandelt die Ursachen des politisch-morali- schen Verfalls in Rom, Kap. In the ensuing outrage, Jugurtha's cousin Massiva, who had fled to Rome in fear of his cousin, seized the opportunity to press his own claim to the Numidian throne. [18][19] The inferior Numidian soldiers of Jugurtha were powerless before the advance of Roman infantry and scattered into the desert with severe losses. Primärquellen. Der Krieg mit Jugurtha. taque peritia locorum erat, ut, pacem an11 bellum gerens perniciosior esset, in incerto haberetur 11. Tutorial Latein Nachhilfe 151 Sallust Bellum Iugurthinum Teil 1 Tutorial Latein Nachhilfe 152 Sallust Bellum Iugurthinum Teil 2 ... 195 Konnektoren Teil 2 Lösungen und Zusammenfassung 196 Übungen zum Genitiv 197 Übungen zum Dativ 198 Übungen zum Akkusativ 199 Übungen zum Ablativ 200 Lösungen zum Thema Genitiv(Video 196) Jugurtha assassinated him, and the Senate, though initially inclined to accept bribery again to allow him to escape retribution,[13] was ultimately compelled by his insolence and by the fury of the mob to expel him from the city and revoke the recent peace. The defection of Bocchus, his own father-in-law, filled Jugurtha with alarm, and he sent to the Roman consul to surrender. The beginning of this rivalry, according to Plutarch, was purportedly Sulla's crucial role in the negotiations for and eventual capture of Jugurtha, which led to Sulla wearing a ring portraying the capture despite Marius being awarded the victory for it. However, although Metellus' army was now entrapped in the desert with fewer troops and inferior generalship, the Romans still prevailed simultaneously on both fronts. 948), Stuttgart 2004. [25], At this point Jugurtha retired to the court of his father-in-law, king Bocchus I of Mauretania, who though previously professing friendship for the Romans, now received Jugurtha hospitably, and, without positively declaring war (on Rome), advanced with his troops into Numidia as far as Cirta, the capital. Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum Axel W. Ahlberg, Ed. Das Werk behandelt die Geschehnisse des Krieges, den Gaius Marius und Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix 111–106 v. Chr. Die Römische Republik war in ihrer althergebrachten Form untauglich geworden. These events were also observed by Marius's quaestor, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who later came to rival Marius in the first of the great civil wars of the Late Republic. Bellum Iugurthinum coepit cum senatores conservati caperent senatum post mortem Gaii Gracchi. The Roman Senate, however, when it heard of this capitulation, refused to honour the conditions and continued the war. Literatur. [33] For once, Marius was unprepared for action and in the melee all he could do was form defensive circles. Adherbal cum paucis equitibus Cirtam profugit, et ni multitudo togatorum fuisset, quae Numidas insequentis moenibus prohibuit, uno die inter duos reges coeptum atque patratum bellum foret. Versione originale in latino. Das Werk Bellum Iugurthinum von Sallust ist eine Monographie über den Krieg gegen Iugurtha, den König von Numidien, in den Jahren 111-106. Eventually, Metellus permitted Marius to return to Rome and Marius was elected consul in 107. Bellum parare simul et aerario parcere, cogere ad militiam eos quos nolis offendere, domi forisque omnia curare et ea agere inter invidos occursantis factiosos opinione, Quirites, asperius est. The latter, more active though no more able than his brother, decided on a bold stroke, marching in mid-winter to besiege the town of Suthul, where the Numidian treasury was kept; however, the town was strongly garrisoned and excellently fortified and could not be captured. 4. de bello Iugurthino(auch bellum Iugurthinum) als erstes der historische Hintergrund zu de bello Iugurthino Im 2. benutzt. [37] The fact that a man such as Jugurtha could rise to power by buying Roman military and civil officials reflected Rome's moral and ethical decline. [32] Next he advanced far to the west, capturing a fortress near the river Muluccha where Jugurtha had moved a large part of his treasure. An den Schluss seiner Ausführungen setzt Sallust die These, dass der Verfall des Gemeinwesens auf das Machtstreben der Politiker zurückzuführen sei. 2 opportunus zugänglich, willfährig. Jh. [11] Whereupon the Roman senators, no longer looking on him as a threat, allowed themselves to be bribed into granting him a treaty on extremely lenient terms; Numidia was restored to Jugurtha intact, and a small fine and the remittal of his war-elephants (which he later bought back at reduced price from corrupt officers), was the only price he was forced to pay for his crimes. Zusammenfassung. [21] Metellus advanced once again, capturing town after town, but was unable to capture his enemy. [20] [2] Vgl. The latter ignored the demand, and the Senate sent a second commission, this time headed by Marcus Scaurus, a respected member of the aristocracy, to threaten the Numidian king into submission. Metellus followed and crossed the mountains into the desert, advancing to the river Muthul. Schwartz, Eduard: Die Berichte über die catilinarische Verschwörung, Hermes 32, 1897, 554- 2 Sekundärliteratur. 5 tugurium, i n. Hütte. (41,1) Ceterum mos partium et factionum ac deinde omnium malarum artium paucis Übrigens ist die (Un-)Sitte der Parteibildungen und … Postumius, anxious not to have retreated without striking the enemy a blow, allowed Jugurtha to lure him into the desolate wilds of the Sahara, where the cunning Numidian king, who had reportedly bribed Roman officers to facilitate his attack, was able to catch the Romans at a disadvantage. [20] Meanwhile, Rufus had advanced to the river but was attacked by Jugurtha's southern force; thus, the two Roman armies were incapable of coming to each other's relief. bezeichnet. The crafty Jugurtha, guessing Metellus' intentions, broke up negotiation and retreated, withdrew south beyond the Numidian mountains and took up position on the plains behind. [29] Yet, thousands of poor Italians, the Capite Censi or Head Count, sat idly in Rome, ineligible to serve. 9.1", "denarius") All Search Options [view abbreviations] Home Collections/Texts Perseus Catalog Research Grants Open Source About Help. [17][clarification needed] When Metellus arrived in Africa in 109 BC, he first had to retrain the army and institute some form of discipline. 41/42) hat die Forschung zahlreiche Beiträge ge­ widmetl). [34] Marius's army thus finished the year's campaigns in safety at Cirta, but it was by now evident that Rome could not defeat Jugurtha's guerrilla tactics through war. Ultimately, Marius reached a deal with Bocchus whereby Sulla, who was friendly with members of Bocchus's court, would enter Bocchus's camp to receive Jugurtha as a hostage. Half the Roman army were killed, and the survivors were forced to pass under the yoke in a disgraceful symbolism of surrender. [22] To resist the Romans more effectually, Jugurtha dismissed most of his low-quality recruits, keeping only the most active troops of infantry and light cavalry, in order to maintain the war by guerrilla tactics. • Bellum Iugurthinum (s. unten) erste erhaltene römische Geschichtswerke mit uneingeschränktem Anspruch auf diese Bezeichnung enthalten sämtliche Requisiten hoher Historiographie: Proömien, Exkurse, Reden, Briefe, Charakteristiken herausragender Persönlichkeiten . But before an agreement could be reached, Metellus was deposed from his command by the Roman Tribal Assembly and replaced by his lieutenant, Gaius Marius. Römer am Beispiel von Sallusts Bellum Iugurthinum , Gymnasium 86, 1979, 249-277. [33] The attack was pressed by Gaetulian and Mauretanian cavalries and for a time Marius and his main force found themselves besieged on a hill, while Marius's quaestor Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his men were on the defensive on another hill nearby. Micipsa, worried that at his death Jugurtha would usurp the kingdom from his own somewhat less able sons, adopted him, and bequeathed the kingship jointly to his two sons and Jugurtha. Jugurtha, however, displaying excellent generalship, dispatched a column of infantry to hold the mountain passes as soon as the Romans had descended into the plain, thus cutting off their line of retreat; while his cavalry harried Metellus' detachment of infantry in swarms along the plain – to which the Romans were unable to properly respond, since they had no cavalry themselves. However, the populares passed a law in its Tribal Assembly which gave the command against Jugurtha to Marius in 107. [27], Metellus was furious at all these developments and decided to make Marius's command a lot more difficult by refusing his legions to serve under Marius. As inequality increased, fewer men of military age met the property requirements to serve in the legions. Romans now sought individual power often at the expense of the state. The war constituted an important phase in the Roman subjugation of Northern Africa, and the rise of the empire,[1] but Numidia did not become a Roman province until 46 BC. Punischen Krieg (218-201 ) hatten die Römer mit Masinssa , dem König von Numidien, einem fruchtbaren Gebiet im heutigen Ostalgerien, ein Freundschaftsbündnis geschlossen. Im bellum Iugurthinum schließlich stellt sich die Frage nach einer persönlichen Anschauung der Ereignisse bei Sallust zwar nicht, in den detaillierten geographischen und ethnographischen Schilderungen zeigt er aber, zu welcher Genauigkeit er fähig ist, wenn er … [12] In fact, so favourable were Jugurtha's terms of surrender that it led to a renewal of the popular outcry at Rome; at the demand of the tribune Memmius, an investigation was launched into the proceedings of the treaty. Numidia was a kingdom located in North Africa (roughly corresponding to northern modern day Algeria) adjacent to what had been Rome's arch enemy, Carthage. Mit Ausnahmebestimmungen und Sonderämtern versuchte man die gröbsten Probleme von Zeit zu Zeit zu bekämpfen – und öffnete damit Tür und Tor zu aktuellen Willkürakten. Seeking to use them, and with precedent for waiving the property requirements during the existential crisis that was the Second Punic War, Marius was exempted from the requirements. In spite of the possibility of treachery on the Mauritanian's part, Sulla agreed; Jugurtha's remaining followers were treacherously massacred, and he himself handed over in chains to Sulla by Bocchus. Zusammenfassung zu J.Vogt (39-71) ( 1 ) Omnis homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus, summa ope niti decet, ne vitam silentio transeant veluti pecora, quae natura prona atque ventri oboedientia finxit. [20] Sallust is one of the most valuable sources on the war, along with Plutarch's biographies of Sulla and Marius. Hide browse bar Your current position in the text is marked in blue. Sallust - Bellum Iugurthinum. 1 alius ab alio divorsi voneinander getrennt. [15] The beaten Postumius signed a treaty resigning Numidia to Jugurtha and returning to the peace concluded with Bestia and Scaurus. [7] His difficultatibus circumventus ubi videt neque per vim neque insidiis opprimi posse hominem tam acceptum popularibus, quod erat Iugurtha manu promptus et appetens gloriae militaris, statuit eum obiectare periculis et eo modo fortunam temptare. 2nd-century BC war between Kingdom of Numidia and Roman Republic, sfn error: no target: CITEREFDuncan2017 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-jugurthine-wars-facts-causes.html, http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/wars_jugurthine.html, Conspiracy of Catiline and The Jurgurthine War, Wars of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jugurthine_War&oldid=1005173610, Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Africa, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2019, Articles needing additional references from April 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles that may contain original research from April 2018, All articles that may contain original research, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 February 2021, at 09:53. Hauptthema des Werkes ist weniger die Schilderung des Jugurthinischen Krieges, als vielmehr das Aufzeigen bestimmter innenpolitischer Verhältnisse in Rom. However, Jugurtha bribed the Roman officials in the commission into allotting him the better, more fertile and populous western half of Numidia, while Adherbal received the east. [33] However, the Romans managed to hold off the enemy until evening and the Africans retired confident of finishing the job the next morning. [1] Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, Der Krieg mit Jugurtha, Lateinisch/Deutsch, Übersetzt und Herausgegeben von Karl Büchner, (=Reclams Universal-Bibliothek Nr. [23] In 108 BC, Metellus found out the location of Jugurtha's army, he caught up with the Numidians and inflicted a serious defeated on the king. Zusammenfassung. Shortly after, in 113 BC, Jugurtha again declared war on his brother, and defeated him, forcing him to retreat into Cirta, Adherbal's capital. Metellus had won the Battle of the Muthul, but since the Numidian king had escaped the war was far from over. Click anywhere in the line to jump to another position: Produktinformationen zu „Bellum Iugurthinum / Der Krieg mit Jugurtha “ Autoren-Porträt von Sallust Gaius Sallustius Crispus (86-35 v. At the end of 107 BC Marius made a dangerous desert march to Capsa in the far south where, after the town surrendered, he executed all survivors. entstanden. [24] Jugurtha, with his family and treasure boxes, fled to the desert fortress of Thala, which was inaccessible except by an excruciating march of three days through the desert without water. The Romans surprised the Africans' insufficiently guarded camp the next morning at dawn and completely routed the African army. Nam contra reputando neque maius aliud neque praestabilius invenias magisque naturae industriam hominum quam vim aut tempus deesse. Bellum Iugurthinum / Der Krieg mit Jugurtha: Lateinisch/Deutsch (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek) | Büchner, Karl, Sallust, Büchner, Karl | ISBN: 9783150009482 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. King Masinissa, who was a steadfast ally of Rome in the Third Punic War, died in 149, and was succeeded by his son Micipsa, who ruled 149-118 BC. Als Jugurthinischer Krieg wird ein Krieg zwischen der Römischen Republik und König Jugurtha von Numidien von 111 bis 105 v. Chr. [28], Marius found Rome's traditional manpower reserves depleted. Bellum Iugurthinum - Libro unico - Paragrafo 2. [9][10], Lucius Calpurnius Bestia, consul for the year, was appointed to command the Roman army in Africa against Jugurtha; he was accompanied by Scaurus and other experienced officers and received an offer of alliance from Bocchus, king of Mauretania. Jugurtha was thrown into an underground prison (the Tullianum) in Rome, and ultimately died after gracing Marius's triumph in 104 BC.[36]. 41/42: 1! Jugurtha had fought under Scipio Aemilianus at the siege of Numantia, where, through friendship with Roman aristocrats, he had formed an acquaintance with Roman manners and military tactics. Der Autor Dieser Beitrag wurde am 9.März 2015 verfasst von Fabio Schwabe, Mettmann.Die aktuelle Version stammt vom 9.März 2015.Fabio Schwabe ist Gymnasiallehrer der Fachrichtung Geschichte und Gründer von Geschichte kompakt. Version E, 2014-06 -9/20- Wie also mag der Verfasser dieser beiden Hexameter zu seiner sachlich falschen Aussage kommen? Marius marched west plundering the Numidian countryside, seizing minor Numidian towns and fortresses trying to provoke Jugurtha into a set-piece battle, but the Numidian king refused to engage. The Roman historian Sallust wrote a monograph, Bellum Jugurthinum, on the Jugurthine War emphasising this decline of Roman ethics and placed it, along with his work on the Conspiracy of Catiline, in the timeline of the degeneration of Rome that began with the Fall of Carthage and ended with the Fall of the Roman Republic itself. 4.1. Dezember 2018 um 02:34 Uhr bearbeitet. He tried to provoke Jugurtha into a pitched battle by besieging the Numidian city of Zama, but the king refused to let himself be goaded and kept up his irregular warfare tactics. Marius had won the Second Battle of Cirta and could now put his army into winter quarters.